Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze
Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze
Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze
MG085 : Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze
| Plant Category | : | Grasses |
| Melghat's Flora's Serial No. | : | 644 |
| Synonym | : | Andropogon ciliatus Thunb., nom. superfl.;
Andropogon nutans L., nom. illeg.;
Andropogon quadrivalvis L.;
Anthistiria barbata Desf.;
Anthistiria ciliata L.f., nom. superfl.;
Anthistiria scandens Roxb.;
Anthistiria semiberbis Nees, pro syn.;
Themeda chinensis (A.Camus) S.L.Chen & T.D.Zhuang;
Themeda ciliata Hack., nom. superfl.;
Themeda ciliata subsp. chinensis A.Camus;
Themeda dacruzii Birari;
Themeda echinata A.Camus ex Keng.;
Themeda yuanmounensis S.L.Chen & T.D.Zhuang.; |
| Plant Common Name | : | Gondel, K- Dhagdi Zara, grader grass, habana grass, kangaroo grass, |
| Plant Family | : | Poaceae / Gramineae |
| Description | : | Annual. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending; 30–200 cm long; 4–6 mm diam.; 5–7 -noded; with prop roots. Culm-nodes glabrous. Leaf-sheaths keeled. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 2–2.5 mm long. Leaf-blades 7–30 cm long; 3–6 mm wide; flaccid. Leaf-blade surface smooth, or scaberulous; rough adaxially; glabrous, or pilose. Leaf-blade margins scabrous. Leaf-blade apex acute, or acuminate. Synflorescence compound; fasciculate; 15–50 cm long. Inflorescence composed of racemes; terminal and axillary; subtended by a spatheole; enclosed. Spatheole lanceolate; 7.5–16 cm long; scarious; red; without tubercles, or tuberculate; glabrous, or pilose. Peduncle 1.3 cm long. Racemes 1; single; cuneate; bearing few fertile spikelets; bearing 1 fertile spikelets on each. Rhachis fragile at the nodes. Spikelets in threes (basal paired). Fertile spikelets sessile; 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled; 1 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong; 0.5 mm long. Basal sterile spikelets well-developed; 4 in number; forming an involucre about the fertile; with both pairs arising at about the same level; subsessile; linear, or lanceolate; 4.5–6 mm long; equalling fertile. Basal sterile spikelet glumes chartaceous; tuberculate on margins and setose on margins; lower glume muticous. Companion sterile spikelets well-developed; comprising 2 subequal glumes without lemmas; linear; 5–6 mm long; as long as fertile; separately deciduous. Companion sterile spikelet callus linear. Companion sterile spikelet glumes smooth; glabrous. Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; subterete; 5–5.5 mm long; falling entire; deciduous with accessory branch structures. Spikelet callus oblong; bearded; base obtuse; attached obliquely. Spikelet callus hairs red. Glumes dissimilar; exceeding apex of florets; firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong; 1 length of spikelet; coriaceous; much thinner above; dark brown; without keels; 7–9 -veined. Lower glume surface puberulous. Lower glume apex obtuse. Upper glume oblong; 3 -veined. Upper glume margins ciliolate. |
| Plant Location in Melghat | : | - |
| Medicinal Use / Activity | : | |
| Plant's Phytochemicals | : | COMPOUNDS: ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (0): |
| Plant's Current Status | : | - |
| Plant's Cross Database Reference | : | 259142 |
| Reference | : | Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve
- http://static1.kew.org/data/grasses_db/www/imp10318.htm |
| Reference | : | ~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID : |
| Kingdom | : Plantae - Plants |
|---|---|
| Phylum | : Tracheophyta |
| Subkingdom | : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants |
| Superdivision | : Spermatophyta - Seed plants |
| Division | : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class | : Liliopsida - Monocotyledons |
| Subclass | : Commelinidae |
| Order | : Cyperales |
| Family | : Poaceae / Gramineae - Grass family |
| Genus | : Themeda Forssk. - kangaroo grass |
| Species | : Themeda quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze |