Botanical Name Plant's Common Name Plant Family   

   MH174 : Solanum nigrum L.

Plant Category : Herbs

Melghat's Flora's Serial No. : 347

Synonym : Solanum rubrum auct. non. L.;

Plant Common Name : Kamuni, Black nightshade, Black-berry night shade, Nightshade, Poisonberry, Mokoi, Jangalee Biheen

Plant Family : Solanaceae

Description : Annual 15-60 cm tall, with a suffrut escent base; branches and shoots subglabrous or pubescent to glandular-villous; hairs appressed or patent. Leaves 2.5-10 x 2-5.5 cm, sinuate to irregularly dentate, glabrous to puberulous-pubescent or glandular. Lamina ± decurrent. Petiole 8-40 mm long, appressed pubescent or glandular. Peduncle (8-) 10-25 min long, exceeding or shorter than the pedicel length. Calyx lobes 1-1.5(-2) mm long, glabrous to pubescent. Corolla much exceeding the calyx in length; lobes triangular-acute, 4-6 mm long; anthers yellow, dehiscing by 2 apical pores. Filaments as long or shorter than the anthers, pilose. Style ± included, pubescent at the base. Stigma capitate. Ovary glabrous. Berry globose to subovoid, 5-8 mm broad, black or orange-red. Seeds discoid, minutely reticulate-foveolate.

Plant Location in Melghat : -

Medicinal Use / Activity : Digestive, Antibiotic, Anti-cancer (Paul et al., 2015); anti-pyretic, diuretic, anti-cancer, Hepatoprotective effects. Black nightshade is used for skin diseases, rheumatism, and gout. Juice of the herb is given in chronic enlargement of the liver. It can cure ear, and eye diseases. It is sometimes prescribed to "remove the effect of old age."

Plant's Phytochemicals : COMPOUNDS: Solamargine; Solasonine; Alpha-solanigrine; Beta-solanigrine; Solanigroside C; Solanigroside D; Solanigroside E; Solanigroside F; Solanigroside G; Solanigroside H; Pinoresinol; Syringaresinol; Medioresinol; Scopoletin; Tetracosanoic acid; Beta-sitosterol;

ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (2):

Beta-sitosterol;

Solamargine;

Plant's Current Status : Rare

Plant's Cross Database Reference : 259142

Reference : Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve - Al Sinani, S. S., Eltayeb, E. A., Coomber, B. L., and Adham, S. A. (2016). Solamargine triggers cellular necrosis selectively in different types of human melanoma cancer cells through extrinsic lysosomal mitochondrial death pathway. Cancer Cell Int. 16, 11. doi: 10.1186/s12935 016 0287 4 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20681660 - http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=200020597 - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20845784

Reference : ~ Chellaiah Muthu, Muniappan Ayyanar, Nagappan Raja and Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu; "Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Kancheepuram District of Tamil Nadu, India"; Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2006); 2(43): 1-10 PMID :

~ Boeing H, Bechthold A, Bub A, Ellinger S, Haller D, Kroke A, Leschik-Bonnet E, Muller MJ, Oberritter H, Schulze M, Stehle P and Watzl B; "Critical review: vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases"; Eur J Nutr (2012); 51(6): 637-63 PMID : 22684631

~ Santosh Kumar Singh, Jay Ram Patel, Prashant Kumar Dubey and Sonia Thakur; "A review on anti-asthmatic activity of traditional medicinal plants"; IJPSR (2014); 5(10): 4109-4116 PMID :

~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID :

Kingdom : Plantae - Plants
Phylum : Tracheophyta
Subkingdom : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision : Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class : Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Subclass : Asteridae
Order : Solanales
Family : Solanaceae - Potato family
Genus : Solanum L. - nightshade
Species : Solanum nigrum L.

Solanum nigrum L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Solanum nigrum L.