Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm.
Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm.
MH276 : Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm.
| Plant Category | : | Herbs |
| Melghat's Flora's Serial No. | : | 495 |
| Synonym | : | Cheilocostus speciosus (J. Koenig.) C.D. Specht.; |
| Plant Common Name | : | Cane-reed, Crepe Ginger, Costus, Spiral Ginger, Cane-reed, |
| Plant Family | : | Costaceae |
| Description | : | Rhizome tuberous, 1-2 cm thick, highly branched, yellowish-green inside. Leafy shoots 1.5-2.5 m tall. Leaves spirally arranged on the stem, 8-24 x 3-7 cm, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, base tapering, apex abruptly acuminate, upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely hairy; ligule truncate, densely hairy; petiole 3-5 mm long. Spikes terminal, 4-9 x 2-5 cm, more or less globose. Bracts 1.5-3 x 0.7-1.5 cm, ovate-acute, with a narrow subapical protruberance, reddish. Bracteoles 1-1.5 cm long, oblong, reddish. Calyx 2-2.5 cm long, 3-lobed; lobes 3-5 mm long. Corolla white; lobes to 4 x 0.8 cm, elliptic-oblong, acuminate. Labellum 5-8 cm wide, suborbicular, white with a creamy-yellow median band. Stamen median, on an oblong petaloid process. Ovary 5-8 mm long, globose, 3-lobed, 3-celled; ovules many; stigma crescent-shaped, ciliate. Capsule bright red, 2.5-3 x 2-2.5 cm, dehiscing loculicidally. Seeds 6-8 x 3-4 mm, black with fleshy white aril. |
| Plant Location in Melghat | : | In Semadoh, Harisal and Tarubandha ranges in deep valleys |
| Medicinal Use / Activity | : | Cough, Cold, Digestive, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, Hepatoprotective, steroidogenic, adaptogenic, anti-microbial effects. |
| Plant's Phytochemicals | : | COMPOUNDS: Diosgenin; beta-sitosterol; furostanol saponins-costusosides; beta-D-glucoside; prosapogenins; dioscin; gracillin; dihydrophytylplastoquinone; alpha-tocopherolquinone; Beta-amyrin; camphene; costunolide; alpha-humulene; lupeol; zerumbone; tigogenin; beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside; Prosapogenins A; Prosapogenins B; alpha-tocopherol; diosgenone; cycloartanol; octacosanoic acid; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (7): Lupeol; Beta-sitosterol; Diosgenin; Alpha-humulene; Alpha-tocopherol; Costunolide; Camphene; |
| Plant's Current Status | : | Rare, Endemic |
| Plant's Cross Database Reference | : | 259142 |
| Reference | : | Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve
- https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/229300
- http://www.phcogrev.com/article.asp?issn=0973_7847;
- https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v3i7/MDIwMTQ4ODU=.pdf
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5086671/ |
| Reference | : | ~ Chandra Prakash Kala; "Aboriginal uses and management of ethnobotanical species in deciduous forests of Chhattisgarh state in India"; Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2009); 5(20): 1-9 PMID : ~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID : ~ S.D. Jagtap, S.S. Deokule and S.V. Bhosle; "Some unique ethnomedicinal uses of plants used by the Korku tribe of Amravati district of Maharashtra, India"; Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2006); 107: 463-469 PMID : ~ Das, DC.; Sinha, NK.; Chattopadhyay JC.; Das M. and Samanta P.; "The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of Gonorrhea and Syphilis in south west Bengal of India"; International Journal of Phytomedicine (2013); 5: 14-17 PMID : |
| Kingdom | : Plantae - Plants |
|---|---|
| Phylum | : Tracheophyta |
| Subkingdom | : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants |
| Superdivision | : Spermatophyta - Seed plants |
| Division | : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class | : Liliopsida - Monocotyledons |
| Subclass | : Zingiberidae |
| Order | : Zingiberales |
| Family | : Costaceae - Costus family |
| Genus | : Costus L. - costus |
| Species | : Costus speciosus (J. Koenig.) Sm. |