Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg.
Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg.
Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg.
Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg.
MS093 : Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg.
| Plant Category | : | Shrubs |
| Melghat's Flora's Serial No. | : | 455 |
| Synonym | : | Baliospermum solanifolium (Burm.) Suresh.;
Baliospermum angulare Decne. ex Baill.;
Baliospermum axillare Blume.;
Baliospermum indicum Decne.;
Baliospermum moritzianum Baill.;
Baliospermum pendulinum Pax.;
Baliospermum polyandrum Wight, nom. superfl.;
Baliospermum raziana Keshaw, Murthy & Yogan.;
Croton polyandrus Roxb., nom. illeg.;
Croton roxburghii Wall.;
Croton solanifolius Burm.;
Jatropha montana Willd.;
Ricinus montanus (Willd.) Roxb. ex Benth.; |
| Plant Common Name | : | Red Physic Nut, wild castor, wild croton, wild sultan seed • Hindi: danti • Marathi: danti, katari • Tamil: pey-amanakku • Malayalam: ceriyadanthi, naagadanthi • Telugu: adavi amudamu, kond amudamu, nela jidi, nepalamu • Kannada: damti, kaadu haralu, naagadamti • Bengali: danti, dantigaacha • Konkani: baktumbo • Sanskrit: danti, dantika, dirgha, erandhapatrika, erandhaphala, makulakah, nagadanti, nagavinna, nikumbha, pratyaksreni, rechani, ruksha, shigra, vishalya, udumbaraparni • Nepali: Ajaya pal, Dudhe Jhaar |
| Plant Family | : | Euphorbiaceae |
| Description | : | Shrubs (often bushy), sometimes herbaceous, up to 2 m tall. Leaves elliptic to oblong or broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, sometimes shallowly to deeply 2 - 5-lobed, cordate to rounded or truncate at base, distantly repand-denticulate to coarsely sinuate or crenate-dentate along margins, caudate-acuminate at apex, 5 - 25 (- 38) x 2.5 - 13 (- 18) cm with the upper leaves usually much smaller, chartaceous to membranous, scattered appressed hispidulous to glabrous above, thinly tomentellous to sparsely pilose on nerves or glabrous beneath; petioles 1 - 11 (- 17) cm long, sparsely puberulous. Inflorescences bisexual or sometimes unisexual, thyrsiform, borne on main leafy branches, sparsely appressed pilose. Male flowers: pedicels 2 - 7 mm long; sepals 5, orbicular, 1 - 2 mm across; disc shortly cupular, ca 0.8 mm high; stamens 14 - 25, 1 - 2 mm long; filaments stout; anthers reniform or orbicular. Female flowers: pedicels 1.5 - 5 mm long; sepals 5, deltoid, 1 - 2.5 mm long; disc cupular, 0.7 - 1 mm high; ovary subglobose, ca 2 x 2 - 2.8 mm, tomentellous; styles 3, bifid, inconspicuous; stigma prominent, bifid, 2 - 3 mm long. Fruits subglobose to turbinate-obovoid, strongly 3-lobed, 8 - 10 x 11 - 13 mm, appressed pubescent to glabrous; seeds oblong to ovoid, 8 - 9 mm long, ca 6 mm across. From Flora of India, Vol 5 (Hooker, 1887) monoecious, stem stout, leaves sinuate-toothed upper small lanceolate lower large oblong ovate or rounded entire or palmately 3-5-lobed 3-5-plinerved, flowers in numerous axillary racemes, fruiting calyx not accrescent, ovary densely strigose, capsule large, seeds oblong. A stout subherbaceous leafy shrub, 3-6 ft., branching from the root, nearly glabrous except the shoots and sometimes the leaves beneath. Leaves, upper 2-3 in., lower 6-12 in., and sometimes as broad, biglandular at the base, rigid, strongly veined, base acute obtuse or cordate; petiole stout, of upper leaves short, of lower sometimes as long as the blade; stipules of 2 glands. Racemes 1/6 in., interrupted, all male or with a few fem, below ; bracts small. Male fl. 1/6 in. diam. ; sepals 4-5, membranous, orbicular, concave. Disk-glands soft, tabulate ; stamens 15-20; anthers broad, subreniform, cells subconfluent at the tips. Fem. fl. subsessile ; sepals 5, ovate, acute, toothed ; disk short, cupular, crenate ; ovary 2-3-lobed ; styles stout, smooth, deeply bifid, arms recurved. Capsule 1/3-1/2 in. long, obovoidly 3-dymous ; cocci oblong, crustaceous, sparsely strigose or glabrous. Seeds 1/3 in. long, oblong, smooth, mottled. |
| Plant Location in Melghat | : | - |
| Medicinal Use / Activity | : | Roots, seeds, leaves and seed oil are used to treat jaundice, constipation, piles, anemia, conjuctivitis. The roots are purgative, anthelmintic, carminative, rubefacient and anodyne. Used in abdominal pain, constipation, calculus, general anasarca, piles, helminthic infestation, scabies and skin disorders. Root paste is applied to painful swellings and piles. The leaves relieve asthma and seeds are used to cure snake bites. |
| Plant's Phytochemicals | : | COMPOUNDS: baliospermin; montanin; phorbol-12-deoxy-13-O-palmitate; phorbol-12-deoxy-16-hydroxy-13-O-palmitate; phorbol-12-deoxy-5b-hydroxy-13-myristate; axillarenic acid; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (0): |
| Plant's Current Status | : | - |
| Plant's Cross Database Reference | : | 259142 |
| Reference | : | Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve
- https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/245895
- http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Red%20Physic%20Nut.html
- file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/ni3/My%20Documents/Downloads/2_2_1_SM.pdf |
| Reference | : | ~ Jennifer L. McCracken, Sreenivas P. Veeranki, Bill T. Ameredes, William J. Calhoun; "Diagnosis and Management of Asthma in Adults - A Review"; JAMA (2017); 318(3): 279-290 PMID : 28719697 ~ Ravindra G. Mali and Raju R. Wadekar; "Baliospermum montanum (Danti): Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology - A review"; International Journal of Green Pharmacy (2008); 2(4): 194-199 PMID : ~ Chen S; "Natural products triggering biological targets - a review of the anti-inflammatory phytochemicals targeting the arachidonic acid pathway in allergy asthma and rheumatoid arthritis."; Curr Drug Targets (2011); 12(3): 288-301 PMID : 20955151 ~ Park HS, Kim SR, Kim JO and Lee YC; "The roles of phytochemicals in bronchial asthma"; Molecules (2010); 15(10): 6810-34 PMID : 20924320 ~ Balaji Kasirajan, Rajadurai Maruthamuthu, Vidhya Gopalakrishnan, Krithika Arumugam, Hudson Asirvatham, Vidya Murali, Ramya Mohandass and Anusha Bhaskar; "A database for medicinal plants used in treatment of asthma"; Bioinformation (2007); 2(3): 105-106 PMID : ~ Kuldip S. Dogra, Sandeep Chauhan and Jeewan S. Jalal; "Assessment of Indian medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma"; Journal of Medicinal Plants Research (2015); 9(32): 851-862 PMID : ~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID : |
| Kingdom | : Plantae - Plants |
|---|---|
| Phylum | : Tracheophyta |
| Subkingdom | : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants |
| Superdivision | : Spermatophyta - Seed plants |
| Division | : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class | : Equisetopsida |
| Subclass | : |
| Order | : Malpighiales |
| Family | : Euphorbiaceae - Spurge family |
| Genus | : Baliospermum |
| Species | : Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll.Arg. |