Botanical Name Plant's Common Name Plant Family   

   MT051 : Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

Plant Category : Tree

Melghat's Flora's Serial No. : 194

Synonym : Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC.; Myrtus cumini L.;

Plant Common Name : Jambhul, Jamun, Java plum, Jamun • Hindi: Jamun • Manipuri: Jam • Tamil: Nagai

Plant Family : Myrtaceae

Description : An evergreen tree. Leaves smooth, glossy, elliptic to oblong or ovate. Found through out the state often gregarious in swamp. Cultivated trees have broader leaves. Flowers are greenish white; fruits are berry oblong, black, juicy shining when thouroughly ripe. Bark greyish brown, with large flakes, smooth higher up. Slash aromatic. Leaves with many close parallel veins, crushed leaves smells aromatic, Flowers and fruits produced in bunches on leafless part of branches. Flower blooms during April to May. Fruit ripe during June to July. An evergreen tree reaching up to about 30 m and can live more than 100 years. The Leaves are smooth, glossy, elliptic to oblong or ovate. Flowers are greenish white in colour. The fruits are berry, oblong, black, juicy shining when thoroughly ripe. Fruits have some of the highest levels of natural folic acid and recommended for pregnant women. Powdered seeds consumed to control diabetes. Birds and bats relish on the fruits.

Plant Location in Melghat : Near village

Medicinal Use / Activity : Blood sugar reduces, tonic; Both the seeds and the fruit are diuretic and have important carminative and astringent properties. The seeds also reduce blood sugar levels and are useful in the treatment of diabetes. The seeds and bark are well known in the Far East for the treatment of dysentery and in the control of hyperglycaemia and glycosuria in diabetic patients. The juice of the bark is considered good for treating wounds and enlargement of the spleen. The bark is astringent. An infusion is used to treat irregular menstruation, Diarrhea, dysentery, children's thrush etc. The bark is used as a gargle to strengthen gums, treat mouth ulcers etc. The ripe fruit is astringent and is used as an effective treatment for diabetes. Fruits are used as a relief for colic and to treat Diarrhea. An infusion of the leaves is used in the treatment of diabetes and Diarrhea. The wood yields a sulphate pulp that has medicinal uses. The roots are sometimes used as a treatment for epilepsy.

Plant's Phytochemicals : COMPOUNDS: ellagic acid; isoquercetin; kaemferol; jambosine; antimellin; quercetin; myricetin 3-O-4-acetyl-L-rhamnopyranoside; betulinic acid; friedelin; epi-friedelanol; Beta-sitosterol; eugenin; bergenin; myricetin-3-L-arabinoside; quercetin-3-D-galactoside; dihydromyricetin; oleanolic acid; acetyl oleanolic acid; eugenol-triterpenoid A; eugenol-triterpenoid B; isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside; citric acid; mallic acid; delphinidin-3-gentiobioside; malvidin-3-laminaribioside; petunidin-3-gentiobioside; cyanidin diglycoside; petunidin; malvidin; alpha-Pinene; camphene; beta-Pinene; myrcene; limonene; cis-Ocimene; trans-Ocimene; gamma-terpinene; terpinolene; bornyl acetate; alpha-Copaene; beta-Caryophyllene; alpha-humulene; gamma-Cadinene; delta-Cadinene;

ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (25):

Beta-sitosterol;

Quercetin;

Rutin;

Delphinidin;

Isorhamnetin;

Myricetin;

Friedelin;

Betulinic acid;

Oleanolic Acid;

Betulin;

Caryophyllene;

Beta-caryophyllene;

Alpha-humulene;

Bornyl acetate;

Terpinolene;

Limonene;

Eugenol;

Alpha-pinene;

Beta-pinene;

Camphene;

Ocimene;

Myrcene;

Malvidin;

Ellagic acid;

Petunidin;

Plant's Current Status : Common

Plant's Cross Database Reference : 259142

Reference : Dhore M. A. (1984) The flora of melghat tiger reserve - http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Syzygium+cumini - https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31820 - http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Jamun.html - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609276/

Reference : ~ Muniappan Ayyanar and Pandurangan Subash-Babu; "Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: A review of its phytochemical constituents and traditional uses"; Asian Pac J Trop Biomed (2012); 2(3): 240-246 PMID : 23569906

~ Dhore MA and Joshi PA; "Flora of Melghat Tiger Reserve"; Directorate, Project Tiger, Melghat (1988); PMID :

~ Omesh Bajpai, Jitendra Pandey and Lal Babu Chaudhary; "Ethnomedicinal Uses of Tree Species by Tharu Tribes in the Himalayan Terai Region of India"; Research Journal of Medicinal Plant (2016); 10(1): 19-41 PMID :

~ Kavishankar, G.B; Lakshmidevi, N.; Murthy, S.M.; Prakash, H.S. and Niranjana, S.R.; "Diabetes and medicinal plants-A review"; Int J Pharm Biomed Sci (2011); 2(3): 65-80 PMID :

Kingdom : Plantae - Plants
Phylum : Tracheophyta
Subkingdom : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants
Superdivision : Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class : Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Myrtales
Family : Myrtaceae - Myrtle family
Genus : Syzygium P. Br. ex Gaertn. - syzygium
Species : Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels - Java plum

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels - Java plum
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels - Java plum
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels - Java plum
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels - Java plum