Santalum album L. - sandalwood
Santalum album L. - sandalwood
Santalum album L. - sandalwood
Santalum album L. - sandalwood
Santalum album L. - sandalwood
Plant Category | : | Tree |
Melghat's Flora's Serial No. | : | |
Synonym | : | Santalum ellipticum Zipp. ex Span.;
Santalum myrtifolium L.; |
Plant Common Name | : | Sandalwood, Indian sandalwood, Fragrant sandalwood, White Sandalwood • Hindi: Chandan, Sandal • Manipuri: Chandan • Marathi: Chandan, gandhachakoda • Tamil: Anukkam, Asam, Chandanam • Malayalam: Chandanam, chandana-mutti • Telugu: Bhadrasri, Chandanamu • Kannada: Agarugandha, bavanna, bhadrasri, Chandala • Bengali: Chandan, Shwetchandan • Oriya: valgaka • Urdu: Sandal safaid • Sanskrit: Anindita, Arishta-phalam, Bhadrasara, Chandanam |
Plant Family | : | SANTALACEAE |
Description | : | Evergreen trees, to 10 m high, bark surface dark grey to nearly black, rough with short vertical cracks. Leaves simple, opposite, estipulate; petiole 12-18 mm long, slender, glabrous, grooved above; lamina 3.7-12 x 2-4 cm, elliptic, elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, base acute or round, apex acute, margin entire, glabrous, shiny above and glaucous beneath, coriaceous; lateral nerves 8-13 pairs, pinnate, faint, intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, 5-6 mm across, reddish-purple, in axillary and terminal paniculate cymes, much shorter than leaves; tepals 5, basally connate into a campanulate tube of 2 mm long, shortly connate to the basal part of the ovary; lobes 2.5 x 1.5 mm, ovate, thin, fleshy, glaucescent without, minutely ciliate; disc concave, adhering to the bottom of perianth, its lobes alternates with tepals; stamens 5, alternates with disc; filaments 1 mm; anthers 0.7 mm, ovoid, 2-celled; ovary superior later half inferior at the time of flowering, globose, 1 mm, 1-celled, ovules 2-3, pendulous from below the long, acuminate, central column; style 1.5 mm, stigma 3 lobed. Fruit a drupe, 8-12 mm across, globose, blackish-purple, annulate above, beaked with the basal part of the style; seed one. |
Plant Location in Melghat | : | |
Medicinal Use / Activity | : | It is an aromatic, bittersweet, astringent herb that cools the body, calms the mind, relieves spasms and improves digestion. It has diuretic, analgesic, anti-septic, expectorant and stimulant effects. The wood or essential oil is taken internally in the treatment of genito-urinary disorders, fever, sunstroke, digestive problems and abdominal pain. A paste of the wood is used externally to treat skin complaints. Sandalwood oil is little used in modern herbalism, its main application is in aromatherapy. |
Plant's Phytochemicals | : | COMPOUNDS: beta-santalol; 1-FURFURYLPYRROLE; 1-Octacosanol; 1-Triacontanol; 16-Hentriacontanone; 3-Methylbutanal; 4-Vinylphenol; alpha-santalal; beta-curcumene; BETA-SANTALENE; beta-SANTALOL; Betulic acid; Epi-beta-Santalene; oleic acid; palmitic acid; Santalene; Teresantalic acid; Teresantalol; Ximenynic acid; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS (2): Curcumene; Palmitic acid; |
Plant's Current Status | : | Vulnerable |
Plant's Cross Database Reference | : | 259142 |
Reference | : | Prabha Y. Bhogaonkar and Pankaj A. Dhole; "Checklist of Flora of Melghat"; Chief Conservator of Forest & Field Director, Melghat Tiger Project, Camp, Amravati (2018 - 2019); Book |
Reference | : | ~ Prabha Y. Bhogaonkar and Pankaj A. Dhole; "Checklist of Flora of Melghat"; Chief Conservator of Forest & Field Director, Melghat Tiger Project, Camp, Amravati
(2018 - 2019); Book PMID : ~ Omesh Bajpai, Jitendra Pandey and Lal Babu Chaudhary; "Ethnomedicinal Uses of Tree Species by Tharu Tribes in the Himalayan Terai Region of India"; Research Journal of Medicinal Plant (2016); 10(1): 19-41 PMID : |
Kingdom | : Plantae - Plants |
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Phylum | : Tracheophyta |
Subkingdom | : Tracheobionta - Vascular plants |
Superdivision | : Spermatophyta - Seed plants |
Division | : Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
Class | : Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
Subclass | : Rosidae |
Order | : Santalales |
Family | : Santalaceae - Sandalwood family |
Genus | : Santalum L. - sandalwood |
Species | : Santalum album L. - sandalwood |